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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 14, 2026

Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
04:40

Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans

Published on: August 28, 2018

Association Between DOAC Exposure and Lower-Extremity Arterial Calcification: A Propensity-Matched Exploratory CT

Eniko Pomozi1,2, Dora Zoe Zatyko2,3, Ferenc Imre Suhai2,4

  • 1Department of Interventional Radiology, Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 1122 Budapest, Hungary.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|May 13, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) did not show overall differences in lower limb arterial calcification (LLAC) compared to controls. However, long-term DOAC use was linked to reduced proximal LLAC in a subgroup, suggesting potential vascular benefits.

Keywords:
computed tomography angiography (CTA)direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)lower limb arterial calcium score (LLAC)peripheral artery diseasevascular calcification

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Radiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Lower limb arterial calcification (LLAC) is a key indicator of peripheral artery disease (PAD) severity.
  • Vitamin K antagonists may worsen vascular calcification, while direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) effects on LLAC are less understood.
  • Limited data exist on DOACs' impact on lower limb arterial calcification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between DOAC use and LLAC.
  • To compare LLAC scores in DOAC users versus non-anticoagulated controls.
  • To assess the relationship between LLAC and adverse cardiovascular or perioperative events in DOAC users and controls.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective, single-center, cross-sectional study comparing LLAC on CT scans.
  • Propensity score matching (1:1) of 48 DOAC users with 48 controls.
  • Quantification of segment-specific LLAC, with a sensitivity analysis for patients on DOACs for ≥5 years.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in total LLAC scores between the overall matched DOAC and control groups.
  • Significantly lower proximal LLAC scores (infrarenal aorta, iliac arteries) in a subgroup of patients with ≥5 years of DOAC use.
  • Higher LLAC correlated with major adverse cardiovascular events in controls, but not in DOAC-treated patients.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term DOAC exposure may be associated with reduced proximal LLAC in a specific subgroup.
  • Overall LLAC scores did not differ significantly between DOAC users and controls in the primary analysis.
  • Findings are hypothesis-generating due to study limitations (no baseline imaging, potential confounding) and require prospective validation.