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Immune System and Regeneration.

A V Pechersky1, V I Pechersky, M V Aseev2

  • 1North-West State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnicov, St. Petersburg, Russia.

Journal of Stem Cells
|March 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pluripotent stem cells and the immune system are crucial for tissue regeneration. A transfusion of young donor blood can restore stem cell pools and tissue renewal in older individuals.

Keywords:
Bcl-2immune systempluripotent stem cellsregeneration

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Area of Science:

  • * Regenerative Medicine
  • * Immunology
  • * Developmental Biology

Background:

  • * Limited self-renewal capacity of progenitor and differentiated cells restricts tissue regeneration.
  • * Ontogenesis requires a specialized system for sustained tissue renewal.
  • * Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) possess the unique ability to differentiate into all somatic and germ cell types and self-renew throughout an organism's lifespan.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review the roles of pluripotent stem cells and the immune system in tissue regeneration.
  • * To elucidate the mechanisms by which the immune system contributes to regeneration.
  • * To explore age-related decline in regeneration and potential therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • * Review of existing literature on stem cell biology and immunology.
  • * Analysis of the interaction between PSCs, immune cells (antigen-presenting cells, T-helpers, T-suppressors), and MHC molecules.
  • * Examination of age-related changes in PSC populations and tissue renewal capacity.

Main Results:

  • * Pluripotent stem cells are essential for long-term tissue renewal.
  • * The immune system, through PSCs and immune cell interactions (MHC I/II), plays a critical role in regeneration.
  • * Age-related decrease in PSCs impairs tissue renewal, particularly after age 35-40.

Conclusions:

  • * The immune system's primary function may be tissue regeneration.
  • * Age-related decline in PSCs leads to impaired tissue renewal.
  • * Transfusion of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from young donors can restore PSCs and tissue renewal in older individuals (over 40-50).