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In Ovo Electroporations of HH Stage 10 Chicken Embryos
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Stimulation of brain development in chick embryo by elevated temperature.

Stephen Zamenhof1

  • 1Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Biological Chemistry, Mental Retardation Research Center, and Brain Research Institute, U.C.L.A. School of Medicine, 90024, Los Angeles, Ca., USA.

Wilhelm Roux'S Archives of Developmental Biology
|March 18, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Elevated temperatures during chick embryo development increased cell numbers in optic lobes and cerebral hemispheres by day 10. However, these differences were not apparent at hatching, suggesting potential cell death or dilution by other cell types.

Keywords:
Brain developmentBrain, Chick embryoStimulation, brain developmentTemperature, effect on brain development

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Avian Embryology

Background:

  • Chick embryos are a model organism for studying developmental processes.
  • Temperature influences embryonic development and organogenesis.
  • Understanding neurodevelopmental plasticity is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of transient hyperthermia on chick embryo brain development.
  • To quantify cell numbers and protein content in specific brain regions.
  • To compare developmental outcomes at day 10 and hatching.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental chick embryos were subjected to elevated temperatures (40.5°C) during critical developmental windows (days 7-10).
  • Control embryos were maintained at a constant 37.5°C.
  • Cell numbers were quantified using a novel formalin fixation and sonication disaggregation method.
  • Body weight, organ weight, DNA (cell number), and protein content were measured at day 10 and hatching.

Main Results:

  • At day 10, experimental embryos showed significantly higher optic lobe and cerebral hemisphere weights and cell numbers compared to controls.
  • At hatching, no significant differences in body weight, organ weight, or cell numbers were observed between experimental and control groups.
  • Protein content was significantly higher in the experimental group's optic lobes and cerebral hemispheres at hatching.

Conclusions:

  • Transient hyperthermia during chick embryogenesis leads to a temporary increase in neuron proliferation by day 10.
  • The observed differences in cell numbers at day 10 are not maintained until hatching, suggesting either increased cell death or dilution by other cell populations.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the long-term fate of these neurons and the underlying mechanisms.