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Segmental Vitiligo.

Nanja van Geel1, Reinhart Speeckaert1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent 9000, Belgium.

Dermatologic Clinics
|March 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Segmental vitiligo, often presenting early and unilaterally, may be part of a broader vitiligo spectrum. Research suggests cutaneous mosaicism, not dermatomal distribution, might explain its pattern, with autoimmune factors increasingly implicated.

Keywords:
ClassificationHalo neviLines of blaschkoMosaicismSegmentalSegmental vitiligoSurgical treatmentVitiligo

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Autoimmune Diseases
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Segmental vitiligo typically exhibits early onset, rapid stabilization, and unilateral distribution.
  • Emerging evidence indicates segmental and nonsegmental vitiligo may exist on a disease spectrum.
  • The characteristic distribution pattern suggests a potential role for cutaneous mosaicism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential relationship between segmental and nonsegmental vitiligo.
  • To investigate the distribution patterns of segmental vitiligo and their underlying mechanisms.
  • To review the current understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms in segmental vitiligo.

Main Methods:

  • Review of observational studies on vitiligo distribution.
  • Analysis of recent evidence regarding vitiligo classification.
  • Synthesis of published research on pathogenic theories of vitiligo.

Main Results:

  • Segmental vitiligo's distribution may be better explained by cutaneous mosaicism than dermatomal patterns.
  • Segmental and nonsegmental vitiligo might represent variants of the same disease.
  • The autoimmune/inflammatory theory is increasingly supported for segmental vitiligo pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Segmental vitiligo's presentation and distribution warrant further investigation within the broader vitiligo context.
  • Cutaneous mosaicism is a more plausible explanation for segmental vitiligo's pattern.
  • The autoimmune/inflammatory basis of segmental vitiligo requires continued research.