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Related Concept Videos

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
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Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

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Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
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Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:26

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Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder characterized by a range of symptoms that significantly impact cognition, behavior, and emotional regulation. Among these, the positive symptoms stand out as they involve the addition or exaggeration of normal mental functions, deviating markedly from typical behavior and perception. Hallucinations and delusions are prominent positive symptoms, each profoundly affecting the individual's experience of reality.
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Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder whose origins are rooted in complex genetic components. Despite our burgeoning understanding, the pathophysiology of this disorder remains incompletely deciphered.
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Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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Related Experiment Video

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Standardized Data Acquisition for Neuromelanin-Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Substantia Nigra
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Specific cerebral perfusion patterns in three schizophrenia symptom dimensions.

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  • 1Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Bern, Switzerland.

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Schizophrenia heterogeneity may be explained by distinct brain circuit alterations in language and affectivity dimensions. Motor behavior changes were not linked to cerebral blood flow differences in this study.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Schizophrenia presents significant heterogeneity, prompting dimensional approaches like the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative.
  • A proposed model categorizes schizophrenia symptoms into three neurobiologically informed behavioral dimensions: language, affectivity, and motor behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the brain-behavior associations of language, affectivity, and motor behavior dimensions in schizophrenia.
  • To determine if alterations in these behavioral dimensions correlate with resting-state cerebral blood flow (CBF) in distinct brain circuits.

Main Methods:

  • 47 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 44 healthy controls were assessed using the Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale and the Bern Psychopathology scale (BPS).
  • The BPS rated the severity of language, affectivity, and motor behavior dimensions.
  • Whole-brain resting-state CBF was compared between patient subgroups (classified by symptom severity) and controls.

Main Results:

  • Altered language behavior was associated with increased CBF in Heschl's gyrus.
  • Changes in affectivity were linked to increased CBF in the amygdala.
  • Motor behavior alterations did not show specific associations with CBF.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct regional CBF changes were identified in language and limbic brain circuits, corresponding to specific symptom dimensions in schizophrenia.
  • These findings suggest a segregation of pathophysiological pathways underlying specific symptom dimensions, offering new insights into schizophrenia's complex nature.