Improving Quality and Access to Radiation Therapy-An IAEA Perspective

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Medical Physics
• Public Health

Background:

• The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has supported radiation therapy since 1957.
• Activities focus on assisting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in establishing and advancing radiation therapy services.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the main activities of the IAEA in supporting radiation therapy globally.
• To highlight the impact of IAEA support on cancer treatment in LMICs.
• To identify ongoing challenges and future needs in radiation therapy access.

Main Methods:

• Review of IAEA activities and programs in radiation therapy.
• Analysis of IAEA's role in guideline development and clinical research.
• Examination of partnerships and mechanisms for support delivery.

Main Results:

• IAEA support has led to tangible improvements in radiation therapy facilities and treatments in many LMICs.
• Internationally harmonized guidelines have been provided for clinical, dosimetry, medical physics, and safety aspects.
• Clinical research has yielded evidence for treatment enhancement and resource-efficient interventions.

Conclusions:

• IAEA's role is crucial for advancing radiation therapy in LMICs, but long-term sustainability faces challenges.
• Significant gaps in radiotherapy access persist, with over 90% of patients in low-income countries lacking treatment.
• Continued and strengthened IAEA support is essential to improve quality cancer care and patient outcomes worldwide.