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Related Concept Videos

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

3.8K
High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process01:05

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process

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In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
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Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

Ion-Exchange Chromatography

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Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
2.5K
Chromatography: Introduction01:10

Chromatography: Introduction

8.0K
Chromatography is a technique used to separate compounds based on differences of partitioning between two phases, the stationary phase and the mobile phase.
The phase in which the compounds linger or on which the compounds adsorb is called the stationary phase, whereas the mobile phase is the solvent that carries the solutes to be analyzed. In traditional column chromatography, the mixture flows through the stationary phase, and the compounds partition between the stationary and mobile phases...
8.0K
Chromatographic Methods: Classification01:12

Chromatographic Methods: Classification

4.3K
Chromatographic techniques are classified in three ways: the classification is based on the physical state of the stationary and mobile phases, how the mobile phase and the stationary phase contact each other, or through the chemical or physical processes that isolate the components of the sample. Typically, the mobile phase is either a liquid or gas, while the stationary phase is either a solid or a liquid layer applied to a solid surface.
Chromatographic techniques are typically named by...
4.3K
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

3.3K
High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
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Defining Substrate Specificities for Lipase and Phospholipase Candidates
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Preparative two dimensional separations involving liquid-liquid chromatography.

Léa Marlot1, Karine Faure1

  • 1Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, UMR 5280, 5 rue de la Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|March 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Advanced analytical techniques enable new compound discovery in complex samples. Multidimensional preparative chromatography offers a promising solution for isolating these valuable target compounds efficiently.

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chromatography
  • Natural Product Chemistry

Background:

  • High-performance analytical techniques, such as two-dimensional liquid chromatography with sensitive detectors, facilitate the identification of novel compounds in complex matrices like environmental samples, natural products, and synthetic processes.
  • While mass spectrometry and databases aid structural identification, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) analysis and reference standards are crucial for structural confirmation and quantitative analysis, necessitating the isolation of microgram to milligram quantities of target compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the challenges of isolating small volumes of target compounds from complex samples using preparative chromatography.
  • To explore the potential of comprehensive multidimensional chromatographic methods for efficient purification of multiple components with high yield and minimal steps.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current preparative chromatography limitations for minor compounds in complex matrices.
  • Discussion of the advantages of multidimensional chromatography for process intensification and sample-limited scenarios.

Main Results:

  • One-dimensional chromatographic methods show limited efficacy for isolating minor components within complex mixtures.
  • Multidimensional chromatography presents a viable strategy for enhancing purification efficiency and yield.

Conclusions:

  • Preparative chromatography is evolving to meet the demands of isolating trace compounds from intricate samples.
  • Comprehensive multidimensional chromatographic methods are increasingly relevant for efficient, high-yield purification in preparative applications.