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Reference values for developing responsive functional outcome measures across the lifespan.

Marnee J McKay1, Jennifer N Baldwin2, Paulo Ferreira2

  • 1From the Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Research Group (M.J.M., J.N.B., P.F., M.S., J.B.), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Sport, Health and Exercise Science (N.V.), School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, UK; Faculty of Health Sciences (J.B.), University of Sydney and Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (Randwick and Westmead); and Paediatric Gait Analysis Service of New South Wales (J.B.), Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia. marnee.mckay@sydney.edu.au.

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Summary

This study generated reference values for functional outcome measures in 1,000 individuals. These data help track functional decline and develop new outcome measures for neuromuscular disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Human Performance and Biomechanics

Background:

  • Functional outcome measures are crucial for assessing health and disease.
  • Normative data are needed to interpret individual performance across the lifespan.
  • Understanding factors influencing functional performance is key for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a reference dataset for common functional outcome measures in 1,000 healthy children and adults.
  • To investigate the impact of demographic, anthropometric, strength, and flexibility factors on functional performance.
  • To provide normative data for tracking functional changes and validating outcome measures.

Main Methods:

  • Collected data on 12 functional outcome measures from 1,000 healthy individuals aged 3-101 years.
  • Measures included tests of walking, strength, power, reaction time, balance, and dexterity.
  • Performed correlation and multiple regression analyses to identify influencing factors.

Main Results:

  • Generated age- and sex-stratified reference values for all functional outcome measures.
  • Observed typical functional performance trajectories: increase through adolescence, plateau in adulthood, decline in older age.
  • Identified key determinants: height in children, lower limb strength in adolescents/adults, and age/strength/flexibility in older adults.

Conclusions:

  • The generated normative reference values offer a robust framework for clinical assessment.
  • These data facilitate accurate tracking of functional decline in neuromuscular disorders.
  • The dataset supports the development and validation of sensitive outcome measures for therapeutic trials.