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Related Concept Videos

Behavior Modification01:21

Behavior Modification

827
Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
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Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders01:24

Treatment Strategies for Psychological Disorders

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Treatment approaches for psychological disorders fall into three main categories: psychological, biological, and sociocultural. Each approach targets different aspects of mental health, requiring varying levels of education and training.
Psychological therapies focus on modifying emotions, thoughts, and behaviors through talking, interpreting, listening, rewarding, challenging, and modeling. Clinical psychologists, counselors, and social workers commonly practice psychotherapy. Clinical...
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Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

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Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
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Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI01:30

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques VI

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Adopting a healthier lifestyle often requires overcoming significant challenges, but leveraging psychological, social, and cultural resources can facilitate meaningful change. Effective self-change hinges on understanding and applying key tools such as motivation and goal setting, which help sustain efforts toward long-term health benefits.
Motivation and Self-Determination
Motivation, the driving force behind behavior, plays a pivotal role at every stage of the change process. The research...
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Behavior Therapy01:22

Behavior Therapy

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Behavior therapy incorporates diverse techniques rooted in classical conditioning principles to address maladaptive behaviors and anxiety disorders. These methods aim to reduce avoidance behaviors, foster adaptive coping mechanisms, and alter associations between stimuli and responses, making them effective in a wide range of therapeutic contexts.
Exposure therapy is a cornerstone of behavioral treatment for anxiety disorders. It involves systematic exposure to feared stimuli, either in real...
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Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Semi-Automated Planimetric Quantification of Dental Plaque Using an Intraoral Fluorescence Camera
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Psychological approaches to behaviour for improving plaque control.

Brett Duane1

  • 1Dublin Dental University Hospital, Dublin, Eire.

Evidence-Based Dentistry
|March 25, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Understanding periodontal disease seriousness and behavior change benefits improves oral hygiene adherence in adults. Goal-setting, self-monitoring, and planning enhance oral health behaviors.

Area of Science:

  • Oral Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Periodontal disease affects a significant adult population.
  • Adherence to oral hygiene instructions is crucial for managing periodontal disease.
  • Psychological factors play a role in patient motivation and behavior change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of psychological models on oral hygiene motivation in adults with periodontal disease.
  • To identify effective psychological strategies for improving oral health behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, cohort studies, and case-control studies.
  • Inclusion criteria: patients aged 18+, pre-existing periodontal disease, use of a psychological model; exclusion: smoking cessation studies.

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  • Risk of bias assessed using Cochrane criteria and Newcastle Ottawa Scale; meta-analysis precluded by heterogeneity.

    • Main Results:

    • Fifteen papers from 14 studies involving 1,106 patients were included.
    • Seven of 19 psychological models demonstrated impact on oral hygiene motivation.
    • Observed improvements in behavioral and clinical outcomes linked to psychological interventions.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding disease seriousness and behavior change benefits improves adherence to oral hygiene instructions in adults with periodontal disease.
    • Psychological strategies like goal-setting, self-monitoring, and planning are effective for improving oral health behaviors.