Nanozyme-based bio-barcode assay for high sensitive and logic-controlled specific detection of multiple DNAs

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Nanotechnology
• Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) share transmission routes, necessitating sensitive detection methods for early diagnosis and treatment.
• Current diagnostic methods may lack the sensitivity or speed required for effective early-stage intervention in co-infected patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel nanozyme-based bio-barcode fluorescence assay for simultaneous, highly sensitive detection of HIV and HCV DNA.
• To achieve enzyme-free and label-free detection, enhancing diagnostic simplicity and reducing costs.
• To integrate logic gate functions for advanced, intelligent detection capabilities.

Main Methods:

• Utilized bimetallic platinum-gold nanoparticles (PtAu NPs) with peroxidase-like activity as a nanozyme and bio-barcode.
• Developed a 'Turn On' fluorescence assay by catalyzing the oxidation of amplex red (AR) to fluorescent resorufin.
• Integrated a cascaded INHIBIT-OR logic gate for distinguishing between individual target DNA sequences.

Main Results:

• Achieved simultaneous detection of HIV and HCV DNA with excellent sensitivity.
• Demonstrated high specificity, successfully distinguishing target DNA from single-base mismatched mutants.
• Successfully integrated logic gates for intelligent discrimination of individual DNA targets.

Conclusions:

• The developed nanozyme-based bio-barcode fluorescence assay provides a sensitive, specific, and enzyme/label-free method for simultaneous HIV and HCV DNA detection.
• The integration of logic gates offers potential for rapid, intelligent diagnostic systems.
• This approach holds promise for improving early diagnosis accuracy and treatment outcomes for HIV-infected patients.