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Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Followed by Primary Suture Using a Modified Bile Duct Incision
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Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration Followed by Primary Suture Using a Modified Bile Duct Incision

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Chest Drain Size: the Debate Continues.

Robert J Hallifax1, Ioannis Psallidas1, Najib M Rahman1

  • 1Oxford Centre for Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LE UK.

Current Pulmonology Reports
|March 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Small-bore chest tubes are less painful but may be less effective for pleurodesis in malignant pleural effusions. They also face higher risks of blockage or removal compared to larger drains.

Keywords:
Chest drainEffusionPleuralPleural InfectionPneumothoraxSizeSmall bore

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Thoracic Surgery
  • Medical Device Evaluation

Background:

  • Small-bore chest tubes are frequently used for pleural diseases like malignant pleural effusions, pneumothorax, and infection.
  • Clinical guidelines recommend small-bore drains, but robust evidence is often limited.
  • This review examines the efficacy and risks associated with various chest tube sizes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing evidence on the effectiveness of different chest tube sizes.
  • To evaluate the potential adverse effects associated with small-bore versus large-bore chest drains.
  • To inform clinical decision-making regarding chest tube selection for pleural conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies comparing chest tube sizes.
  • Analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational data.
  • Assessment of outcomes including treatment success, pain, and complications.

Main Results:

  • A large randomized study found no significant clinical difference in pain scores between large and small drains.
  • Small-bore chest tubes exhibit a higher incidence of blockage and inadvertent removal.
  • Efficacy of small-bore drains for achieving pleurodesis in malignant pleural effusions may be suboptimal.

Conclusions:

  • Small-bore drains can be effective for managing pleural infections and offer less pain.
  • However, their utility for pleurodesis in malignant pleural effusions is questionable.
  • Careful consideration of risks like blockage and benefits is needed when selecting chest tube size.