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Radiolabeled peptides: current and new perspectives.

Marta Opalinska1, Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk2, Anna Sowa-Staszczak2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland - mkal@vp.pl.

The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging : Official Publication of the Italian Association of Nuclear Medicine (AIMN) [And] the International Association of Radiopharmacology (IAR), [And] Section of the Society Of
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Radiolabeled peptides offer advanced imaging and therapy for cancers by targeting specific receptors. This review details current peptide radiopharmaceuticals for precise diagnosis and treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry

Background:

  • Radiolabeled peptides have been researched for over 20 years for imaging and radiotherapy.
  • Targeted receptors, including G-protein-coupled and tyrosine kinase receptors, are crucial in cell signaling and implicated in diseases like cancer.
  • Peptides' high affinity and specificity for tumor cell receptors are key for their use in nuclear medicine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of currently available radiopharmaceuticals based on different peptide groups.
  • To highlight the advancements in peptide receptor imaging and targeted radiotherapy.
  • To discuss the role of peptides in diagnosing and treating cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on radiolabeled peptides and their applications.
  • Identification of key peptide radiotracers and their targeted receptors.
  • Discussion of radiometals, 18F, SPECT, PET, and hybrid imaging techniques.

Main Results:

  • Significant increase in the variety of peptide receptor imaging and targeted radiotherapy options.
  • Identification of major peptide radiotracers: somatostatin, GLP-1, bombesin, gastrin/cholecystokinin-2, neurokinin type 1, CXCR4, EGF, VEGF, and integrins.
  • Peptide-based tracers can utilize radiometals or 18F for SPECT, PET, and hybrid imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Radiolabeled peptides are essential tools in modern nuclear medicine for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
  • The development of chelators enables a theranostic approach, combining diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
  • Continued research in radiopharmaceuticals based on peptides promises further advancements in personalized medicine.