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Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Estimation of Telomeric Repeat-containing RNA from DNA/RNA Hybrid Complexes

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Published on: December 5, 2025

Detection and Characterization of R Loop Structures.

Raquel Boque-Sastre¹, Marta Soler¹, Sonia Guil¹

¹Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)

|March 29, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

R loops are DNA:RNA hybrids that impact genome stability and gene regulation. New methods allow for their in vivo and in vitro identification in mammals, advancing research into associated diseases.

Keywords:

Bisulfite sequencing CpG island DRIP In vitro transcription R loop RNA-FISH Vimentin

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Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

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Published on: June 28, 2014

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Genomics

Background:

R loops are three-stranded nucleic acid structures formed by RNA:DNA hybrids and single-stranded DNA.
These structures occur naturally in eukaryotes, particularly at highly transcribed genomic regions.
R loops are implicated in genomic instability and gene expression regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe methods for the in vivo and in vitro identification and characterization of R loops in mammalian systems.
To highlight the growing relevance of studying R loops due to their role in genome stability and disease.

Main Methods:

Development of novel techniques for R loop detection.
Application of these methods in both in vivo and in vitro mammalian systems.
Characterization of R loop structures and their genomic context.

Main Results:

Established protocols for identifying and characterizing R loops in mammalian cells.
Demonstrated the increased prevalence and significance of R loops beyond previously thought.
Provided tools to analyze R loop formation and its consequences.

Conclusions:

R loops are crucial for understanding genome stability and gene regulation.
The described methods facilitate further investigation into R loop-associated mechanisms.
R loop research holds potential for therapeutic targets in diseases like cancer and neurological disorders.