Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

1.1K
Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
1.1K
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

1.0K
Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...
1.0K
Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS01:17

Drugs for Treatment of Diarrhea-Predominant IBS

809
Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is a subtype of IBS characterized primarily by frequent, loose, or watery stools, abdominal pain, and abdominal discomfort. Therapeutic approaches to managing IBS-D include dietary changes, stress management techniques, and pharmaceutical interventions.
Two specific drugs used in the treatment are alosetron (Lotronex) and eluxadoline (Viberzi). Alosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist, works by slowing the movement of stools in the gut, reducing bowel...
809
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

1.5K
Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
1.5K
Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

1.4K
Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
1.4K
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents01:20

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Adsorbents as Antidiarrheal Agents

685
Diarrhea is characterized by the occurrence of frequent, watery bowel movements. Various factors can trigger diarrhea, including viral or bacterial infections, foodborne illnesses, side effects from certain medications, and underlying digestive disorders. If not adequately managed, diarrhea can lead to complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and nutrient deficiencies. Severe diarrhea can lead to significant weight loss, malnutrition, and weakened immune function.
Adsorbents...
685

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction and the Rome V Process.

Gastroenterology·2026
Same author

Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Systemic Comorbidities in Patients With POTS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Neurogastroenterology and motility·2026
Same author

Central and Peripheral Neuromodulators in Functional Dyspepsia and Gastroparesis: A Symptom-Based Clinical Review.

Neurogastroenterology and motility·2026
Same author

Centrally Mediated Disorders of Gastrointestinal Pain.

Gastroenterology·2026
Same author

Bloating, Visible Abdominal Distension, and Other Intestinal Gas-Related Symptoms in Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Functional Dyspepsia.

United European gastroenterology journal·2026
Same author

Gas-Related Symptoms in the General Population: Prevalence, Impact and Associated Factors in a Survey of the United States, the United Kingdom, and Mexico.

Neurogastroenterology and motility·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes
06:01

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K

Central Neuromodulators for Treating Functional GI Disorders: A Primer.

W Harley Sobin1, Thomas W Heinrich2, Douglas A Drossman3

  • 1United Hospital System, Kenosha, Wisconsin, USA.

The American Journal of Gastroenterology
|March 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Central neuromodulators offer benefits for functional GI disorders (FGIDs) refractory to other treatments. This review details their mechanisms, efficacy, and adverse effects for improved patient management.

More Related Videos

Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
08:15

Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM

Published on: December 1, 2010

31.6K
Electroacupuncture Combined with Chinese Medicine Ironing Therapy for Functional Constipation
04:04

Electroacupuncture Combined with Chinese Medicine Ironing Therapy for Functional Constipation

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes
06:01

Author Spotlight: Reliable and Reproducible In Vitro Assessment of Drug Impact on Rat Intestinal Tubes

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K
Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM
08:15

Gastrointestinal Motility Monitor GIMM

Published on: December 1, 2010

31.6K
Electroacupuncture Combined with Chinese Medicine Ironing Therapy for Functional Constipation
04:04

Electroacupuncture Combined with Chinese Medicine Ironing Therapy for Functional Constipation

Published on: July 5, 2024

1.1K

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are prevalent in gastroenterology practices.
  • Many FGID patients are refractory to peripherally acting medications.
  • Central neuromodulators represent a therapeutic option for refractory FGIDs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the benefits and adverse effects of central neuromodulators in FGID management.
  • To outline the mechanisms of action for various classes of neuromodulators.
  • To provide guidance on dosing, augmentation, and treatment scenarios for specific FGIDs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on central neuromodulators for FGIDs.
  • Analysis of efficacy and safety profiles of TCAs, SSRIs, SNRIs, atypical antipsychotics, and others.
  • Synthesis of information on mechanisms, dosing, and clinical application.

Main Results:

  • Central neuromodulators can improve mood, pain, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, sleep, and depression in FGID patients.
  • Different classes and individual agents possess distinct mechanisms and adverse effect profiles.
  • Specific strategies for painful FGIDs, functional dyspepsia with postprandial distress syndrome, and chronic nausea and vomiting syndrome are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Central neuromodulators are valuable in managing refractory FGIDs.
  • Understanding their mechanisms and side effects is crucial for effective patient care.
  • Tailored treatment approaches enhance therapeutic outcomes in complex FGID cases.