Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Actor-Observer Effect01:23

Actor-Observer Effect

461
The actor-observer effect, a cognitive bias closely linked to the fundamental attribution error, refers to the tendency for individuals to attribute their behavior to external, situational factors while explaining others’ behavior in terms of internal, dispositional traits. This asymmetry in attribution significantly influences social perception and judgment.Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the EffectTwo primary psychological mechanisms contribute to the actor-observer effect: differences in...
461
Impression Management Techniques III: Aligning Actions01:29

Impression Management Techniques III: Aligning Actions

174
Aligning actions are communicative strategies individuals employ to maintain social harmony and preserve personal identity in the face of potential disruptions to social norms. These actions are particularly important in managing social impressions when one's behavior might be seen as inappropriate, incompetent, or morally questionable.Types of Aligning ActionsThe three principal types of aligning actions are disclaimers, accounts, and apologies.DisclaimersDisclaimers are preventive; they are...
174
Fixed Action Patterns01:06

Fixed Action Patterns

17.9K
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a specific, hard-wired sequence of behaviors that occurs in response to an external stimulus, called a sign stimulus. The behavior is “fixed” because it is essentially unchangeable—proceeding similarly across individuals of a species every time it occurs.
17.9K
Social Scripts02:10

Social Scripts

10.4K
People tend to know what behavior is expected of them in specific, familiar settings. A script is a person’s knowledge about the sequence of events expected in a specific setting (Schank & Abelson, 1977). Essentially, scripts are a particular kind of schema, one containing default values for the features within an event. In the restaurant example, the script's features include the props (e.g., tables, menu, food, and money), the roles to be played (e.g., customer and waiter),...
10.4K
Attribution Theory00:56

Attribution Theory

13.9K
Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
13.9K
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action01:18

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action

2.9K
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists work by interacting with an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the synaptic cleft. They can be reversible or irreversible inhibitors and have different effects on the enzyme.
Reversible inhibitors like edrophonium bind to a specific part of the enzyme called the anionic catalytic site. They form noncovalent bonds, which means they are not strongly attached to the enzyme. This creates a temporary and less stable enzyme–inhibitor complex,...
2.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Physical Activity, Social Support, and the Health of Dementia Caregivers: A Scoping Review.

Dementia (London, England)·2026
Same author

Mutual avoidance behaviours of two pedestrians passing through an aperture.

Human movement science·2025
Same author

High resolution solid state NMR in paramagnetic metal-organic frameworks.

Solid state nuclear magnetic resonance·2022
Same author

Classroom Activity Breaks Improve On-Task Behavior and Physical Activity Levels Regardless of Time of Day.

Research quarterly for exercise and sport·2021
Same author

How far will you go before switching hands? Handedness on the long pegboard across the lifespan.

Developmental psychobiology·2021
Same author

Carotid pulse pressure and intima media thickness are independently associated with cerebral hemodynamic pulsatility in community-living older adults.

Journal of human hypertension·2019
Same journal

Expertise Modulates Anticipatory Synergy Adjustments in a Rapid Motor Skill Under Temporal Constraints.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

A Boundary of Ideomotor Control: Semantic Labels Bias Selection but Do Not Tune Motor Execution.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

Strategies When Choosing Between Movement Options in a Sequential Task.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined with Neurofunctional Motor Training in Autistic Children: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Double-Blind Clinical Trial.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

Individualized Virtual Angle Offset Training for Patients with Stroke.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
Same journal

The Role of Exploratory Procedures in Perceiving Affordances in a Bimanual Wielding Task.

Journal of motor behavior·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios
07:43

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios

Published on: August 4, 2023

2.8K

Object-Tool-Actor Interaction: Object Information Drives Intended Action.

Dave A Gonzalez1, Sara M Scharoun2, M E Cinelli3

  • 1a Department of Kinesiology , University of Waterloo , Ontario , Canada.

Journal of Motor Behavior
|March 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The target object influences tool selection and action, even when a preferred tool is removed. Participants consistently performed the intended action, like hammering, regardless of instruction format when the designed tool was unavailable.

Keywords:
action selectionaffordancesdecision makingtool use

More Related Videos

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation
12:33

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

9.4K
Characterization of the Sense of Agency over the Actions of Neural-machine Interface-operated Prostheses
05:21

Characterization of the Sense of Agency over the Actions of Neural-machine Interface-operated Prostheses

Published on: January 7, 2019

8.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios
07:43

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios

Published on: August 4, 2023

2.8K
Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation
12:33

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

9.4K
Characterization of the Sense of Agency over the Actions of Neural-machine Interface-operated Prostheses
05:21

Characterization of the Sense of Agency over the Actions of Neural-machine Interface-operated Prostheses

Published on: January 7, 2019

8.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Human-computer interaction
  • Tool use research

Background:

  • Tool use research traditionally focuses on actor-tool dynamics.
  • The influence of the target object on perceived action possibilities is under-explored.
  • Understanding how target objects guide action is crucial for designing intuitive interfaces and tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how target objects influence tool selection and action.
  • To determine if action is guided by the target object even when a preferred tool is absent.
  • To compare the effectiveness of different instruction methods (pictorial, written, combined) on tool use.

Main Methods:

  • Experiment 1: Tested three tool-target-object pairings to assess action sensitivity.
  • Subsequent experiments (2-4) focused on the hammering action, removing the hammer as an option.
  • Varied instruction formats: pictorial, written, and combined pictorial-written.

Main Results:

  • The target object significantly influenced perceived action possibilities and tool choice.
  • Participants preferred and selected the designed tool when available.
  • When the designed tool (hammer) was removed, participants performed the associated action (hammering) irrespective of the instruction method.

Conclusions:

  • Target objects play a critical role in guiding tool use and action selection.
  • Action tendencies can persist even when the preferred tool is unavailable.
  • Instruction methods have less impact on action execution than the inherent affordances suggested by the tool-target interaction.