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Postsurgical Cystoid Macular Edema.

Dinah Zur, Anat Loewenstein

    Developments in Ophthalmology
    |March 29, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Cystoid macular edema (CME) can impair vision after eye surgery. Topical anti-inflammatories and corticosteroids are first-line treatments for postsurgical CME, with other options for persistent cases.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Retinal Diseases
    • Surgical Complications

    Background:

    • Cystoid macular edema (CME) is a significant cause of vision loss post-cataract and vitreoretinal surgery.
    • Incidence of clinical CME after modern cataract surgery ranges from 0.1-2.35%.
    • Risk factors include diabetes mellitus, uveitis, and intraoperative complications; etiology remains partly unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the characteristics, diagnosis, and management of cystoid macular edema (CME).
    • To discuss differential diagnoses and treatment strategies for pseudophakic CME.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of literature on cystoid macular edema (CME).
    • Discussion of diagnostic tools like fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT).

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  • Analysis of treatment options including topical NSAIDs, corticosteroids, oral agents, and surgical interventions.
  • Main Results:

    • Pseudophakic CME presents with reduced visual acuity and characteristic OCT findings.
    • Differential diagnoses include age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema.
    • Most cases resolve spontaneously; prophylactic treatment efficacy is uncertain.

    Conclusions:

    • First-line treatment for postsurgical CME involves topical NSAIDs and corticosteroids.
    • Oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and periocular/intraocular corticosteroids are options for resistant cases.
    • Antiangiogenic agents and surgery are reserved for specific, nonresponsive persistent CME scenarios.