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Approximately half of women with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) adhered to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. Nonrefreshing sleep was a key predictor of adherence, highlighting potential targets for improving treatment outcomes in women.

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Pulmonology
  • Primary Care Research

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has serious health consequences, with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as the primary treatment.
  • High CPAP nonadherence rates are a significant clinical challenge.
  • OSA prevalence and treatment adherence in women are understudied compared to men.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate CPAP adherence in women diagnosed with OSA.
  • To identify factors associated with CPAP adherence in this population.
  • To explore potential strategies for improving adherence in female OSA patients.

Main Methods:

  • Recruitment of 29 women from primary care settings.
  • Completion of questionnaires, nocturnal polysomnography (PSG), and sleep specialist consultation.
  • Evaluation of CPAP adherence 2 years post-diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Around 50% of women demonstrated adherence to CPAP therapy.
  • No significant differences in OSA severity were found between adherent and nonadherent groups.
  • Adherent women reported worse nocturnal and daytime functioning at diagnosis, with nonrefreshing sleep being the strongest predictor.

Conclusions:

  • CPAP adherence in women with OSA is suboptimal, with roughly half adhering to treatment.
  • Patient-reported functioning, particularly nonrefreshing sleep, may be crucial for predicting adherence in women.
  • Targeting nonrefreshing sleep and improving daytime/nocturnal functioning could enhance CPAP adherence in women with OSA.