Submental epidermoid cysts in children

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Pediatric Surgery
• Head and Neck Surgery

Background:

• Epidermoid cysts arise from epidermis implantation within dermal or mucosal layers.
• While common in adults (7% in head/neck, often submental), they are exceptionally rare in pediatric populations.
• Accurate differential diagnosis is crucial for appropriate treatment selection.

Observation:

• The report presents two pediatric cases of submental epidermoid cysts.
• These cysts occurred in the submental region, an unusual location for children.
• Clinical presentation and diagnostic challenges are highlighted.

Findings:

• Submental epidermoid cysts in children are exceedingly rare entities.
• Differential diagnosis must encompass a range of pediatric neck masses including ranulas, thyroglossal duct cysts, and cystic hygromas.
• The study underscores the importance of a thorough diagnostic workup.

Implications:

• Early and accurate diagnosis of submental epidermoid cysts in children is vital.
• Distinguishing these cysts from other pediatric neck masses ensures appropriate management.
• This case series contributes to understanding the diagnosis and management of rare pediatric submental lesions.