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Denver Developmental Test Findings and their Relationship with Sociodemographic Variables in a Large Community Sample
Seyhan Çelikkiran1, Hasan Bozkurt2, Murat Coşkun2
1Psychosocial Support Center for Families, Women and Disabled, İstanbul, Turkey.
Insights
Sociodemographic factors significantly impact early childhood development. Identifying these influences is crucial for timely interventions and support during a child's formative years.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Developmental Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Early childhood development is influenced by various factors.
- Understanding these influences is key to identifying developmental problems.
- Community-based studies provide valuable insights into developmental trajectories.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence of developmental problems in young children.
- To examine the relationship between sociodemographic variables and developmental outcomes.
- To identify key factors affecting child development in a community sample.
Main Methods:
- A community sample of 1000 children aged 1-48 months was recruited in Istanbul, Turkey.
- Sociodemographic data were collected via an interview form.
- Developmental evaluation was performed using the Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST).
Main Results:
- 74.1% of children had normal developmental findings, while 14% had risky and 11.9% had abnormal findings.
- Abnormal DDST results were significantly associated with male gender, older age group (2-4 years), larger family size, consanguineous marriages, lower parental education, lower household income, and lack of breastfeeding.
- Immigration status and delivery mode did not show a significant association with abnormal developmental findings.
Conclusions:
- Sociodemographic factors play a significant role in early childhood development.
- Identifying these influential factors is critical for early intervention and support.
- This study highlights the importance of considering the socio-environmental context in child development assessments.
Introduction:
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of developmental problems and relationship with sociodemographic variables in a community sample of young children.
Methods:
Participants included 1000 children (558 males, 442 females, age range 1-48 months, mean 18.4 months, SD 7.8 months). Children were referred generally by their parents for developmental evaluation and consultation in response to a public announcement in a district area in Istanbul, Turkey. An interview form and the Denver Developmental Screening Test II (DDST) were used for sociodemographic data and developmental evaluation. The χ2 test and Pearson's correlation test were used for data analysis.
Results:
Seven hundred forty-one out of 1000 children (74.1%) had normal, 140 (14%) had risky, and 119 (11.9%) had abnormal findings on the DDST results. The probability of abnormal findings on the DDST results was significantly higher in males (p=0.003), the 2-4-year-old group (p<0.05), families with more than one child (p=0.001), consanguineous marriages (p<0.01), low parental educational levels and low household income (p<0.01), and in children without a history of breastfeeding (p=0.000). Immigration status and delivery mode did not have a significant effect on the probability of abnormal findings on the DDST results (p>0.05).
Conclusion:
Sociodemographic factors have a noteworthy impact on development. Determining these factors is important especially during the first years of life.