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Group behaviour therapy programmes for smoking cessation
Lindsay F Stead1, Allison J Carroll2, Tim Lancaster1
1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, UK, OX2 6GG.
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|April 1, 2017
Summary
Group therapy significantly improves long-term smoking cessation rates compared to self-help materials and brief interventions. Evidence is insufficient to compare group therapy with intensive individual counseling.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral Science
- Public Health
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Group therapy provides a platform for individuals to acquire behavioral techniques for smoking cessation.
- Mutual support among participants is a key feature of group therapy for smoking cessation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of group-delivered behavioral interventions for achieving long-term smoking cessation.
- To compare the effectiveness of group therapy against various control conditions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) identified through the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialized Register.
- Inclusion criteria: RCTs comparing group therapy with self-help, individual counseling, or no intervention, with at least six months follow-up.
- Data extraction included participant characteristics, intervention details, and smoking cessation outcomes; meta-analysis used risk ratios and fixed-effect models.
Main Results:
- Group therapy demonstrated a significant increase in smoking cessation compared to self-help programs (RR 1.88, moderate GRADE quality).
- A small but significant increase in cessation was observed when group therapy was compared to brief healthcare provider support (RR 1.22, low GRADE quality).
- Group therapy showed no significant difference in effectiveness compared to individual counseling of similar intensity (RR 0.99).
Conclusions:
- Group therapy is more effective for smoking cessation than self-help and less intensive interventions.
- Insufficient evidence exists to determine if group therapy is more effective or cost-effective than intensive individual counseling.
- The effectiveness of specific psychological components within group programs, beyond support and skills training, requires further investigation.
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