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Cognitive Factors Affecting Freeze-like Behavior in Humans
Michael W Alban1, Victoria Pocknell2
1a Northern Arizona University.
The Journal of General Psychology
|April 1, 2017
Summary
This study reveals cognitive factors influencing human freeze-like behavior. Choosing to freeze correlates with physiological changes like heart rate deceleration, and its selection depends on perceived effectiveness and individual motivation.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Neuroscience
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Survival-related defensive behaviors (freeze/flight/fight) are well-documented.
- Physiological markers for these responses are identified.
- Cognitive factors influencing human freeze-like behavior remain under-researched.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cognitive underpinnings of freeze-like behavior in humans.
- To examine the relationship between the decision to freeze and psychophysiological states.
- To explore how perceived efficacy and motivational orientation influence the choice to freeze.
Main Methods:
- Study 1: Assessed psychophysiological responses (heart rate deceleration) to an explicit decision to freeze.
- Study 2: Manipulated the perceived efficacy of freezing versus other defense options.
- Study 3: Examined the effect of individual motivational orientation (loss-avoidance vs. reward-seeking) on freeze preference.
Main Results:
- Participants exhibited heart rate deceleration when they chose to freeze.
- The choice to freeze was influenced by the perceived effectiveness of alternative actions.
- A trend indicated loss-avoiders preferred freezing more than reward-seekers when efficacy was constant.
Conclusions:
- Cognitive factors significantly influence freeze-like behavior in humans.
- The decision to freeze is linked to specific psychophysiological responses.
- Understanding individual differences in motivation is crucial for explaining freeze behavior preferences.