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Genetic polymorphisms underlying the skeletal Class III phenotype
Christiane Vasconcellos Cruz1, Claudia Trindade Mattos2, José Calasans Maia3
1Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Summary
Genetic variations in MYO1H are linked to increased risk of mandibular prognathism, a key feature of skeletal Class III malocclusion. This finding may aid in identifying genetic susceptibility to this condition.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Orthodontics
- Anthropology
Background:
- Skeletal Class III malocclusion is a complex craniofacial condition with genetic and environmental influences.
- Identifying genetic factors is crucial for understanding its etiology and developing targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between specific gene polymorphisms and skeletal Class III malocclusion.
- To identify potential genetic markers for mandibular prognathism and maxillomandibular discrepancies.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 54 skeletal Class III subjects and 120 controls.
- Analysis of 35 single-nucleotide polymorphisms from 10 candidate genes.
- Statistical analyses including Chi-square, Fisher exact tests, and principal component analysis.
Main Results:
- A significant association was found between MYO1H (rs10850110) polymorphism and an increased risk of mandibular prognathism (P < 0.01).
- Principal component analysis confirmed MYO1H association with sample variation and identified links between MYO1H, GHR, and FGF10 polymorphisms with specific components.
- MYO1H, GHR, and FGF10 polymorphisms showed associations with maxillomandibular discrepancies.
Conclusions:
- MYO1H polymorphism may serve as a genetic marker for susceptibility to Class III malocclusion with mandibular prognathism.
- GHR and FGF gene polymorphisms are associated with maxillomandibular discrepancies.
- These findings can inform improved diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies for Class III malocclusion.