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[Autophagy, fitness and longevity]
Lorenzo Galluzzi1, José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro2, Guido Kroemer3
1Department of radiation oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, États-Unis - Inserm UMRS 1138, Paris, France - Université Paris Descartes/Paris V, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France - Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Paris VI, Paris, France - Équipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue nationale contre le cancer, Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France - Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France.
Autophagy, a cellular process, is vital for maintaining health and preventing diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration. Enhancing autophagy may promote longevity and healthy aging.
Area of Science:
- Cellular Biology
- Molecular Biology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process essential for maintaining homeostasis.
- Dysfunctional autophagy is linked to numerous human diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disorders.
- Lifespan-extending interventions in model organisms often rely on autophagy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the critical role of autophagy in preserving cellular and organismal health.
- To discuss the connection between autophagy, healthy aging, and lifespan extension.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on autophagy.
- Analysis of studies linking autophagy to various pathologies.
- Examination of evidence for autophagy's role in lifespan regulation.
Main Results:
- Autophagy is crucial for clearing cellular damage and maintaining functional integrity.
- Defects in autophagy are implicated in the etiology of major human diseases.
- Interventions promoting autophagy, such as caloric restriction, extend lifespan in model organisms.
Conclusions:
- Autophagy is a key determinant of cellular and organismal fitness.
- Maintaining optimal autophagy is intrinsically linked to healthy aging and longevity.
- Targeting autophagy pathways holds potential for therapeutic interventions against age-related diseases.