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Related Experiment Videos

DNA Methylation Divergence and Tissue Specialization in the Developing Mouse Placenta.

Benjamin E Decato1, Jorge Lopez-Tello2, Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri2

  • 1Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.

Molecular Biology and Evolution
|April 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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The mouse placental epigenome shows significant DNA methylation variation across species, developmental stages, and tissue layers. This placental methylome heterogeneity is crucial for understanding mammalian development and related diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The placental epigenome is crucial for mammalian growth and development.
  • Aberrations in placental DNA methylation are linked to diseases like preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction.
  • Understanding placental methylome variation within species is essential for disease research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize DNA methylation heterogeneity in the mouse placenta.
  • To investigate variations across different mouse strains, species, developmental timepoints, and placental layers.
  • To identify patterns of placental methylome variation within a species.

Main Methods:

  • High-resolution analysis of placental DNA methylation in multiple mouse strains and species (Mus musculus musculus, Mus m. domesticus, M. spretus).
Keywords:
DNA methylationepigenomejunctional zonelabyrinthine zoneplacenta

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination across developmental timepoints (embryonic days 15-18).
  • Comparison between labyrinthine and junctional placental layers.

    • Main Results:

    • Mouse placenta exhibits substantial genome-wide methylation heterogeneity compared to other tissues.
    • Species-specific methylation profiles are concentrated in RLTR10 and RLTR20 retrotransposon subfamilies.
    • Promoters and CpG islands show cross-species conservation but vary between layers and timepoints; partially methylated domains widen during development.

    Conclusions:

    • The mouse placental methylome is a globally heterogeneous and deregulated landscape.
    • This heterogeneity includes actively regulated promoter and retrotransposon sequences.
    • Characterizing this landscape provides insights into placental development and disease origins.