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Worms and Humans: A Happy Divorce?

Hannah Akuffo¹, Sven Britton¹, Thomas Schön¹

¹Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Forum on Immunopathological Diseases and Therapeutics

|April 11, 2017

Summary

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Chronic worm infections, common in low-income nations, may impact tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility. Adult deworming showed promise when combined with bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination against TB.

Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Global Health

Background:

Chronic worm infections are prevalent in low-income countries, often co-occurring with tuberculosis (TB).
Worm infections and Mycobacterium tuberculosis elicit distinct immune responses (Th2 vs. Th1).
Understanding the interplay between worm infestation and TB is crucial for public health in endemic regions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of chronic worm infection on susceptibility to and control of TB in Ethiopia.
To evaluate the impact of deworming on immune responses related to TB.

Main Methods:

Studied immune response patterns in individuals with and without chronic worm infections.
Assessed the relationship between worm infestation, TB, and bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination outcomes.

Keywords:

autoimmunity confection deworming helminths/worms tuberculosis

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Reviewed existing literature on worm-TB co-infection.

Main Results:

Results regarding worm infection's impact on TB susceptibility and control were inconclusive.
Strong data suggests adult deworming may enhance the efficacy of BCG vaccination against TB.
A potential link between chronic worm infestation and altered autoimmunity/allergy was noted.

Conclusions:

The relationship between chronic worm infection and TB requires further investigation.
Adult deworming may be a beneficial strategy to improve BCG vaccine effectiveness in TB-endemic areas.
Further research is warranted to explore the broader immunological implications of worm infestation.