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Spatio-temporal dynamics of working memory maintenance and scanning of verbal information
Toshimune Kambara1, Erik C Brown2, Jeong-Won Jeong3
1Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Postdoctoral Fellowship for Research Abroad, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 1020083, Japan.
Objective:
During verbal communication, humans briefly maintain mental representations of speech sounds conveying verbal information, and constantly scan these representations for comparison to incoming information. We determined the spatio-temporal dynamics of such short-term maintenance and subsequent scanning of verbal information, by intracranially measuring high-gamma activity at 70-110Hz during a working memory task.
Methods:
Patients listened to a stimulus set of two or four spoken letters and were instructed to remember those letters over a two-second interval, following which they were asked to determine if a subsequent target letter had been presented earlier in that trial's stimulus set.
Results:
Auditory presentation of letter stimuli sequentially elicited high-gamma augmentation bilaterally in the superior-temporal and pre-central gyri. During the two-second maintenance period, high-gamma activity was augmented in the left pre-central gyrus, and this effect was larger during the maintenance of stimulus sets consisting of four compared to two letters. During the scanning period following target presentation, high-gamma augmentation involved the left inferior-frontal and supra-marginal gyri.
Conclusions:
Short-term maintenance of verbal information is, at least in part, supported by the left pre-central gyrus, whereas scanning by the left inferior-frontal and supra-marginal gyri.
Significance:
The cortical structures involved in short-term maintenance and scanning of speech stimuli were segregated with an excellent temporal resolution.