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Related Experiment Videos

Everyday functional ability in HIV and methamphetamine dependence.

Arpi Minassian1, Brook L Henry2, Jennifer E Iudicello2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (CESAMH), Veteran's Administration, San Diego, CA, United States.

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
|April 12, 2017
PubMed
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Methamphetamine use and HIV infection impair daily functioning, but their combined effect is not additive. Neurocognitive impacts of co-infection are complex and require further investigation.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Methamphetamine (METH) use is a known risk factor for HIV transmission.
  • Both METH use disorder and HIV infection are linked to neurocognitive impairment and functional deficits.
  • The additive effects of co-occurring HIV and METH use disorder on daily functioning are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined impact of METH use disorder and HIV infection on everyday functional outcomes.
  • To determine if co-occurring METH use disorder and HIV result in poorer functional performance compared to each condition alone.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the UCSD Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA-2) to evaluate functional abilities in six domains.
  • Stratified participants from the Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center (TMARC) cohort into four groups: HIV-/METH-, HIV-/METH+, HIV+/METH-, and HIV+/METH+.
Keywords:
CognitionEveryday functioningHIVMethamphetamineUPSA

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed main effects and interactions of HIV and METH use on UPSA-2 scores, and correlated scores with disease characteristics.

    • Main Results:

    • Observed significant HIV-by-METH interactions on UPSA-2 total scores and Comprehension/Planning and Financial subscales.
    • METH use was associated with lower scores in HIV-negative individuals but not HIV-positive individuals for certain subscales.
    • METH use was linked to lower scores on the Communications subscale, and all risk groups performed worse than the HIV-/METH- group.
    • Recency and frequency of METH use correlated with poorer functional outcomes, and lower Medication Management scores were associated with lower nadir CD4 counts.

    Conclusions:

    • METH use disorder and HIV independently impair functional performance, but their combined effect does not appear to be additive.
    • The neurocognitive consequences of co-occurring HIV infection and METH use are complex.
    • Further research is needed to understand these complex sequelae, compensatory strategies, and other influencing factors.