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Feed additives decrease survival of delta coronavirus in nursery pig diets.

Katie M Cottingim1, Harsha Verma2, Pedro E Urriola1

  • 1Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108 USA.

Porcine Health Management
|April 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary
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Commercial feed additives, particularly acidifiers at double concentrations, can reduce porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) survival in swine feed. However, complete inactivation of the virus was not achieved with any tested additive.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Animal Science
  • Food Safety

Background:

  • Porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV) transmission is a concern, with contaminated feed being a potential route.
  • Investigating strategies to mitigate PDCoV in swine feed is crucial for animal health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of commercial feed additives (acids, salt, sugar) in inactivating PDCoV in swine feed.
  • To determine if specific additives or concentrations enhance PDCoV inactivation.

Main Methods:

  • Six commercial feed acids, salt, and sugar were tested at recommended and double concentrations.
  • PDCoV-inoculated feed samples were incubated at room temperature for varying durations (0-35 days).
  • Virus survival was quantified using titration in swine testicular cells and analyzed with Weibull and log-linear models.
Keywords:
Feed additivesInactivation kineticsPorcine delta coronavirusSurvivalSwineTransmissionVirus

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Main Results:

  • At recommended concentrations, no significant difference in PDCoV survival was observed between treated and control feed samples.
  • Doubling additive concentrations significantly reduced PDCoV survival (delta value ≤ 0.28 days) for most acidifiers, except Amasil.
  • Feed additives containing phosphoric, citric, or fumaric acid showed the highest efficacy, but none achieved complete virus inactivation within 10 days.

Conclusions:

  • Commercial feed additives, especially acidifiers at double concentrations, can decrease PDCoV survival in swine feed.
  • These additives offer a potential strategy to reduce PDCoV risk in feed during storage.
  • Complete inactivation of PDCoV was not achieved by any of the tested additives within the study period.