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Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy01:05

Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence Microscopy

Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy or TIRF is an advanced microscopic technique used to visualize fluorophores in samples close to a solid surface with a higher refractive index, such as a glass coverslip. TIRF only allows fluorophores in proximity to the solid surface to be excited. When light from a medium with a lower refractive index (such as air) hits the glass coverslip at a critical angle, the light undergoes total internal reflection stead of passing through the glass.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 18, 2026

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates
11:44

Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates

Published on: March 20, 2015

Diamond ring fiber for evanescent field exposure.

Wee Lit Ng, Wei Ru Wong, Ghafour Amouzad Mahdiraji

    Optics Letters
    |April 15, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Diamond Ring Fibers (DRF) offer high evanescent field exposure for enhanced light-matter interactions. These fibers enable sensitive sensing applications with minimal signal loss.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Optical Fiber Technology
    • Sensing Applications

    Background:

    • Evanescent field interactions are crucial for optical sensing.
    • Traditional optical fibers have limitations in maximizing evanescent field exposure.
    • Diamond Ring Fibers (DRF) present a novel structure for improved light-matter interaction.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and analyze Diamond Ring Fibers (DRF) for enhanced evanescent field exposure.
    • To investigate the trade-off between evanescent field exposure and confinement loss in DRFs.
    • To demonstrate the practical fabrication and characterization of DRFs.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical analysis of DRF waveguide parameters.
    • Fabrication of DRFs using the stack-and-draw fiber drawing technique.

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    Last Updated: Jul 18, 2026

    Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Detection of Biomolecules Using EBL Fabricated Nanostructured Substrates
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    Published on: March 20, 2015

    Multicolor Fluorescence Detection for Droplet Microfluidics Using Optical Fibers
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    Multicolor Fluorescence Detection for Droplet Microfluidics Using Optical Fibers

    Published on: May 5, 2016

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  • Experimental mode analysis and simulation of confinement loss and evanescent field exposure.

    • Main Results:

    • DRFs achieve high evanescent field exposure up to 39.56%.
    • Negligible confinement loss was observed in the fabricated DRFs.
    • The study confirmed the suitability of DRFs for light-matter interaction applications.

    Conclusions:

    • Diamond Ring Fibers are a promising platform for advanced optical sensing.
    • DRFs offer a protected, long medium for efficient light-matter interactions.
    • The proposed fiber design facilitates the integration of sensing elements.