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Applied Cancer Immunogenomics: Leveraging Neoantigen Discovery in Glioblastoma
Tanner M Johanns1, Gavin P Dunn
1From the *Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, †The Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, ‡Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, and Departments of §Neurological Surgery and ∥Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.
Abstract:
Glioblastoma (GBM) remains a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in pediatric and adult patients with limited treatment options. Immunotherapy represents a promising new therapeutic approach in many solid and hematologic malignancies, including GBM, although only a subset of patients responds clinically. Thus, current efforts are focused on identifying patients most likely to benefit from immune-based therapies. The cancer immunogenomics approach identifies candidate neoantigens from genomics information and represents a potentially exciting new space in precision neuro-oncology. In this review, we discuss the role of neoantigens in GBM both as predictive biomarkers and as targets of immunotherapy.
Insights
Glioblastoma (GBM) treatments are limited. Neoantigens identified through cancer immunogenomics may predict patient response to immunotherapy, offering a new precision neuro-oncology approach.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Cancer immunology
- Genomics
Background:
- Glioblastoma (GBM) is a deadly brain cancer with few treatment options.
- Immunotherapy shows promise for GBM but benefits only a subset of patients.
- Identifying responders is crucial for effective immune-based therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the role of neoantigens in Glioblastoma.
- To explore neoantigens as predictive biomarkers for immunotherapy response.
- To discuss neoantigens as therapeutic targets in GBM.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on cancer immunogenomics and GBM.
- Analysis of neoantigen identification strategies.
- Discussion of neoantigens in the context of immunotherapy.
Main Results:
- Neoantigens can be identified from genomic data in GBM.
- Neoantigens show potential as biomarkers to predict immunotherapy response.
- Neoantigens represent viable targets for novel GBM immunotherapies.
Conclusions:
- Cancer immunogenomics offers a promising avenue for precision neuro-oncology in GBM.
- Neoantigen-based strategies could improve patient selection for immunotherapy.
- Targeting neoantigens may enhance the efficacy of GBM treatments.