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A fully synthetic lung model for wound-ballistic experiments-First results.

S A Bolliger¹, S A Poschmann¹, M J Thali¹

¹Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Switzerland.

Forensic Science International

|April 18, 2017

Summary

A new fully synthetic lung model accurately replicates ballistic trauma effects, offering a viable alternative to animal testing for studying lung injuries. This model provides insights into wound channels and trauma not previously observable.

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Area of Science:

Forensic Science
Biomedical Engineering
Pathology

Background:

Synthetic models are increasingly used for ballistic trauma research.
Non-solid organs like lungs have lacked effective synthetic replacements.
Previous models could not fully replicate lung behavior under ballistic impact.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a fully synthetic lung model for ballistic trauma examination.
To assess the viability of this synthetic model as a replacement for animal or cadaveric lung models.
To investigate the radiological and physical properties of the synthetic lung model.

Main Methods:

A synthetic lung model was created using frothed ordnance gelatine.
Foam gelatine blocks were assembled and encased in 10% gelatine.

Keywords:

Ballistic Forensic Permanent wound channel Synthetic model Temporary wound channel

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Models were subjected to ballistic testing with 9mm Luger ammunition and compared to pig lungs using computed tomography.

Main Results:

The synthetic lung models exhibited radiological and physical densities comparable to actual lungs.
Wound profile characteristics, particularly the permanent wound cavity, closely matched those in semi-synthetic swine lung models.
Both synthetic and semi-synthetic models showed a ring around the permanent wound channel, likely indicating temporary wound cavity remnants.

Conclusions:

The developed fully synthetic lung model is a suitable substitute for ballistic experiments on lungs.
This model facilitates further research into temporary wound channels in lungs.
It offers new possibilities for understanding ballistic trauma effects on lung tissue that were previously unobservable.