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Contrasting evolutionary genome dynamics between domesticated and wild yeasts.
Jia-Xing Yue1, Jing Li1, Louise Aigrain2
1Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IRCAN, Nice, France.
Nature Genetics
|April 19, 2017
Summary
Wild and domesticated yeasts exhibit distinct structural genome evolution patterns. Saccharomyces paradoxus favors balanced rearrangements, while Saccharomyces cerevisiae rapidly accumulates unbalanced changes, likely due to human domestication.
Area of Science:
- Genomics
- Evolutionary Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Structural rearrangements are key drivers of genetic variation and phenotypic diversity.
- The evolutionary dynamics of these rearrangements, especially in domesticated species, remain poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the evolutionary dynamics of structural genome rearrangements in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its wild relative, Saccharomyces paradoxus.
- To compare rearrangement patterns between core and subtelomeric regions in both species.
Main Methods:
- Utilized long-read sequencing for end-to-end genome assemblies of 12 yeast strains.
- Generated high-quality, population-level genomes with comprehensive annotations.
- Precisely defined chromosomal boundaries and analyzed structural variations.
Main Results:
- Saccharomyces paradoxus accumulated balanced rearrangements (inversions, translocations, transpositions) faster in chromosomal cores.
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae showed more rapid accumulation of unbalanced rearrangements (insertions, deletions, duplications) in cores.
- Both species exhibited extensive subtelomeric interchromosomal reshuffling, with a higher rate in S. cerevisiae.
Conclusions:
- Significant contrasts in structural genome evolution exist between wild and domesticated yeasts.
- Human activities likely influenced the observed differences in rearrangement patterns.
- These findings provide high-resolution insights into genome evolution and the impact of domestication.