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Weak associations between pubertal development and psychiatric and behavioral problems.

E Smith-Woolley1, K Rimfeld1, R Plomin1

  • 1King's College London, MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK.

Translational Psychiatry
|April 19, 2017
PubMed
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Pubertal development shows a linear link to psychiatric and behavioral issues, but effect sizes are small. These findings suggest pubertal timing explains minimal variance in outcomes, easing concerns in non-clinical populations.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Pubertal development is linked to adverse outcomes in adolescence and adulthood.
  • Previous studies often used categorical variables, limiting interpretation.
  • An individual differences approach is needed to understand these associations better.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between pubertal development and psychiatric/behavioral outcomes using an individual differences approach.
  • To emphasize effect sizes in a large, UK-representative sample.
  • To analyze longitudinal data from ages 11, 14, and 16.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from over 5000 individuals in the Twins Early Development Study.
  • Employed the Pubertal Development Scale and age of menarche (for girls) as measures of pubertal development.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessed psychiatric and behavioral measures longitudinally with multiple raters, separately for males and females.

    • Main Results:

    • Pubertal development, regardless of assessment method, showed a linear association with psychiatric and behavioral outcomes.
    • Effect sizes were modest for both sexes, with most correlations between -0.10 and 0.10.
    • Pubertal development explained less than 1% of the variance in psychiatric and behavioral outcomes on average.

    Conclusions:

    • The linear associations support treating pubertal development and outcomes as continuous variables.
    • Small effect sizes indicate weak associations that may not warrant significant concern in non-clinical populations.
    • This comprehensive analysis highlights the minimal contribution of pubertal development to psychiatric and behavioral outcomes.