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High Detection Rates of Urine Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Patients with Suspected Miliary Tuberculosis
Toshinobu Yokoyama1,2, Takashi Kinoshita1, Masaki Okamoto1
1Division of Respirology, Neurology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Japan.
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|April 20, 2017
Summary
Detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in urine is effective for diagnosing miliary tuberculosis (MTB). Urine tests using PCR and culture show high detection rates, comparable to bone marrow aspiration, offering a safer diagnostic option.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Miliary tuberculosis (MTB) diagnosis in Japan remains challenging.
- The utility of urine sample analysis for MTB detection is not well-established.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the detection rates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in urine samples from patients with suspected miliary tuberculosis.
- To compare the diagnostic yield of urine analysis with bone marrow aspiration.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cross-sectional study of 45 hospitalized tuberculosis patients with suspected MTB.
- Analysis of urine and sputum samples using culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
- Comparison of detection rates between urine analysis and bone marrow aspiration.
Main Results:
- High detection rates for M. tuberculosis in urine samples: 78.6% by PCR and 57.1% by culture.
- Combined PCR and culture of urine yielded an 85.6% detection rate.
- Urine analysis showed comparable detection rates to bone marrow aspiration (66.7%).
Conclusions:
- Urine sample analysis, particularly using a combination of PCR and culture, demonstrates high efficacy in detecting M. tuberculosis in suspected MTB cases.
- Urine testing offers a safe and accessible alternative to invasive procedures like bone marrow aspiration for diagnosing disseminated tuberculosis.