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Increased alloimmunisation and transfusion reaction reporting in patients with solid-phase panreactivity.
Andrea M Olofson1, Rachael M Chandler1, Cynthia R Marx-Wood1
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA.
Journal of Clinical Pathology
|April 21, 2017
Summary
Solid-phase panreactivity (SPP) in blood type and screen testing affects 0.7% of patients. Those with SPP show increased rates of alloantibody development and transfusion reactions.
Area of Science:
- Transfusion Medicine
- Immunohaematology
- Clinical Pathology
Background:
- Automated solid-phase antibody screening offers efficiency but has higher nonspecific reactivity than manual methods.
- Solid-phase panreactivity (SPP) is defined as universal reactivity in solid-phase tests with a negative autocontrol and no reactivity in tube testing.
- The mechanisms and clinical significance of SPP are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of solid-phase panreactivity (SPP) at our institution.
- To assess the rates of alloimmunization and transfusion reactions in patients exhibiting SPP.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective analysis of type and screen testing data was conducted over a 6-year period.
- Patients who received transfusions were evaluated for reported transfusion reactions and new alloantibody formation.
Main Results:
- The study included 76,051 patients, with 0.7% demonstrating SPP.
- Of patients with SPP, 11% developed new alloantibodies.
- The reported transfusion reaction rate for patients with SPP was 2%.
Conclusions:
- Patients with solid-phase panreactivity (SPP) exhibit elevated rates of alloantibody development.
- SPP is associated with a higher incidence of reported transfusion reactions compared to patients without SPP.