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Related Concept Videos

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research01:21

EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research

Embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells are excellent models for disease research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into most cell types. Somatic cells from a patient are isolated and reprogrammed into induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs. These iPSCs are later differentiated into the desired cell type, which mirrors the diseased cell of the patient. In this way, disease models have been created for investigating diseases such as Down syndrome, type I diabetes,...

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Related Experiment Video

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Transplantation of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Microglia in Immunocompetent Mice Brain via Non-Invasive Transnasal Route
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iPSC-Derived Human Microglia-like Cells to Study Neurological Diseases.

Edsel M Abud1, Ricardo N Ramirez2, Eric S Martinez1

  • 1Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.

Neuron
|April 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Human induced microglial-like cells (iMGLs) derived from iPSCs mimic primary microglia. These iMGLs offer a novel model for studying microglial function in neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease.

Keywords:
3D organoidsAD-GWASAlzheimer’s diseaseBeta-amyloidTaucell models of diseaseinduced pluripotent stem cellsmicrogliamouse transplantationneurodegenerative diseases

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Engineering of Human Blood-Induced Microglia-like Cells for Reverse-Translational Brain Research

Published on: September 6, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Stem Cell Research

Background:

  • Microglia are crucial for brain health and disease.
  • Studying human microglia function in neurological disorders is challenging.
  • Induced microglial-like cells (iMGLs) offer a potential in vitro model.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into microglial-like cells (iMGLs).
  • To characterize the in vitro and in vivo functions of iMGLs.
  • To utilize iMGLs for studying neurological diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Main Methods:

  • Differentiation of iPSCs into iMGLs.
  • Whole-transcriptome analysis to compare iMGLs with primary human microglia.
  • Functional assays including cytokine secretion, migration, calcium transients, and phagocytosis.
  • Transplantation of iMGLs into mouse models and human brain organoids.

Main Results:

  • iMGLs developed in vitro similarly to primary microglia.
  • Transcriptome analysis confirmed high similarity between iMGLs and primary human microglia.
  • iMGLs exhibited key microglial functions: cytokine secretion, migration, calcium signaling, and phagocytosis.
  • iMGLs responded to Alzheimer's disease-related pathologies (Aβ fibrils, tau oligomers) and were used to study synaptic pruning.
  • Transplanted iMGLs integrated and resembled endogenous microglia in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • iMGLs represent a valuable in vitro and in vivo model for human microglia.
  • This model provides novel insights into microglial roles in human neurological diseases, particularly AD.
  • iMGLs facilitate the study of microglial function and disease mechanisms.