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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 3, 2026

Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Concussion induces focal and widespread neuromorphological changes.

Dafna Sussman1, Leodante da Costa2, Mallar M Chakravarty3

  • 1Physiology and Experimental Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.

Neuroscience Letters
|April 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary

A single concussion event causes measurable brain structure changes, including reduced gray and white matter volume and cortical thinning, particularly in the left frontal lobe. These neurobiological alterations impact mental functioning, even after a mild traumatic brain injury.

Keywords:
CerebellumConcussionCortical thicknessCortical volumeMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Traumatic Brain Injury Research

Background:

  • Concussion can lead to persistent cognitive impairments, suggesting underlying neurobiological changes.
  • Previous research has primarily focused on cortical anatomy, neglecting subcortical and cerebellar regions.
  • Detecting physical changes associated with concussion sequelae remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate structural brain changes in the cerebrum, subcortex, and cerebellum following a single concussive episode.
  • To analyze alterations in white matter, gray matter, and cortical thickness in individuals with concussion.
  • To identify specific brain regions affected by acute and sub-acute concussion injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used to acquire structural brain scans.
  • The CIVET algorithm segmented brain images into 78 cortical regions and 81,924 vertices.
  • Volumetric analyses were performed on subcortical structures including the cerebellum, thalamus, globus pallidus, caudate, and putamen.

Main Results:

  • Concussion patients exhibited reduced white matter and gray matter volume compared to controls.
  • Total cortical volume was decreased, and cortical thinning was observed, predominantly in left frontal areas.
  • No significant differences were found in the cerebellum or other analyzed subcortical structures between groups.

Conclusions:

  • A single concussive episode can induce detectable structural brain alterations.
  • These changes manifest as both diffuse and localized patterns of altered neuromorphometry.
  • The findings highlight the neurobiological impact of concussion on brain structure, even after a single event.