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Azimuths and bearings are essential concepts in surveying, providing methods to express the direction of a line relative to a meridian. Azimuths refer to the clockwise angle measured from the north end of a reference meridian to the given line, ranging from zero to 360 degrees. This method gives a comprehensive directional reference within a full 360-degree circle, making it a straightforward way to communicate direction in various fields, including navigation, cartography, and...
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Celestial Object Imaging Model and Parameter Optimization for an Optical Navigation Sensor Based on the Well Capacity

Hao Wang1, Jie Jiang2, Guangjun Zhang3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Precision Opto-mechatronics Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Instrumentation Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Beihang University, No. 37 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China. topgun_wh@126.com.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 22, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces the well capacity adjusting (WCA) scheme for simultaneous celestial body and star imaging in optical navigation. This method enables well-exposed images within a single exposure, improving autonomous navigation sensor performance.

Keywords:
edge extractionexposure parameter optimizationoptical navigation sensorstar centroid estimationwell capacity adjusting

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Area of Science:

  • Spacecraft Navigation
  • Optical Sensing
  • Astrodynamics

Background:

  • Autonomous optical navigation requires simultaneous imaging of celestial bodies and stars.
  • A significant challenge is the large irradiance difference between celestial bodies and stars, hindering well-exposed imaging in a single exposure.
  • Current solutions involve multi-sensor systems or complex algorithms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and demonstrate the feasibility of simultaneous well-exposed imaging of celestial bodies and stars using a single optical navigation sensor.
  • To introduce and validate the well capacity adjusting (WCA) scheme for this purpose.
  • To optimize exposure parameters for enhanced navigation sensor performance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of celestial body irradiance characteristics.
  • Development of celestial body edge and star spot imaging models under the WCA scheme.
  • Modeling the impact of exposure parameters on star centroiding and edge extraction accuracy.
  • Monte Carlo simulations to derive optimal exposure parameters.
  • Laboratory and night sky experiments for validation.

Main Results:

  • The WCA scheme enables simultaneous well-exposed imaging of celestial bodies and stars within a single field of view.
  • A validated model predicts the effect of exposure parameters on imaging accuracy.
  • Optimal exposure parameters were derived, enhancing navigation sensor performance.
  • Experimental results confirmed the model's correctness and the effectiveness of the WCA scheme.

Conclusions:

  • The WCA scheme is a feasible and effective method for simultaneous celestial body and star imaging in optical navigation.
  • The developed models and derived optimal parameters improve the accuracy and performance of autonomous navigation sensors.
  • This approach offers a simpler alternative to multi-sensor integration or complex algorithms.