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Phase retrieval for attacking fractional Fourier transform encryption.

Dezhao Kong, Xueju Shen, Liangcai Cao

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study presents a novel ciphertext-only attack on fractional Fourier transform encryption. The advanced iterative algorithm successfully recovers the original image and retrieves encryption keys.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cryptography
    • Image Processing
    • Optical Security

    Background:

    • Double Random Phase Encryption (DRPE) is a widely used optical encryption technique.
    • Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) based DRPE offers enhanced security features.
    • Ciphertext-only attacks pose a significant threat to encryption systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and demonstrate a ciphertext-only attack on FRFT-based DRPE systems.
    • To recover the original object image using only the ciphertext.
    • To retrieve the secret keys (FRFT order and random phase masks) of the encryption system.

    Main Methods:

    • An advanced iterative phase retrieval algorithm is employed.
    • The attack utilizes the complex amplitude of the ciphertext and the support of the object image.
    • Analysis of the sensitivity of FRFT order keys and object image support area energy is performed.

    Main Results:

    • The original object image is successfully recovered.
    • The fractional Fourier transform order and two random phase keys are retrieved.
    • Numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed attack method.

    Conclusions:

    • The FRFT-based DRPE system is vulnerable to ciphertext-only attacks.
    • The proposed iterative phase retrieval algorithm provides an effective means to break this encryption.
    • This research highlights the importance of robust key management and algorithm design in optical encryption.