Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 3, 2026
09:29
Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds
Published on: October 29, 2015
31.0K
Paraoxonases and infectious diseases.
Jordi Camps1, Simona Iftimie2, Anabel García-Heredia1
1Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari de Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C. Sant Joan, s/n, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
Clinical Biochemistry
|April 24, 2017
Summary
Paraoxonases (PON1-3) protect against oxidation and inflammation. Decreased PON1 activity during infection impacts patient outcomes and cardiovascular risk, suggesting its potential as an infection biomarker.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Pathology
Background:
- Paraoxonases (PON1, PON2, PON3) are homologous enzymes with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
- They degrade lipid peroxides, protecting lipoproteins and cells from oxidative damage.
- Infectious diseases trigger an acute-phase response, often decreasing serum PON1 activity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the role of paraoxonases in the context of infectious diseases.
- To investigate the potential of serum PON1 as a biomarker for infection and its clinical consequences.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on paraoxonase function and their association with infection.
- Analysis of studies examining serum PON1 activity in patients with sepsis and catheter-associated infections.
Main Results:
- Reduced serum PON1 activity is linked to increased oxidative stress and inflammation during infections.
- Low PON1 activity correlates with poor survival in severe sepsis.
- PON1 may serve as a marker for acute infections in patients with central venous catheters.
Conclusions:
- Paraoxonases play a significant role in host defense against infection-related oxidative stress.
- Serum PON1 activity is a potential biomarker for assessing infection severity and patient prognosis.
- Further research into paraoxonases and infectious diseases is warranted.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Infection
13.2K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
13.2K
01:23Antimicrobial Proteins
14.9K
Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
14.9K
02:33Retroviruses
15.1K
Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
15.1K
01:29Viruses with RNA Genomes
1.1K
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
1.1K
01:27Protein Import into the Peroxisomes
5.5K
Cells contain membrane-bound organelles called peroxisomes that oxidize organic molecules by transferring hydrogen atoms to oxygen, producing hydrogen peroxide. Peroxisomes enzymatically convert the released hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
Peroxisomal Protein Import:
Peroxisomes lack the genetic machinery required to code for their own proteins. Hence, most peroxisomal membrane, lumenal and transmembrane proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm or ER and transported to the peroxisome...
Peroxisomal Protein Import:
Peroxisomes lack the genetic machinery required to code for their own proteins. Hence, most peroxisomal membrane, lumenal and transmembrane proteins are synthesized in the cytoplasm or ER and transported to the peroxisome...
5.5K
00:57Viral Recombination
25.4K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
25.4K