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Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
Published on: October 12, 2017
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Cholesterol Hydroperoxide Generation, Translocation, and Reductive Turnover in Biological Systems
Albert W Girotti1, Witold Korytowski2,3
1Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. agirotti@mcw.edu.
Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics
|April 24, 2017
Summary
Cholesterol oxidation products (ChOOHs) contribute to cell damage and disease by undergoing various reactions. Understanding these processes is key to addressing oxidative stress and related pathologies like ferroptosis.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Oxidative Stress Research
Background:
- Unsaturated lipids, including cholesterol, are prone to peroxidative degradation under oxidative stress.
- Cholesterol peroxidation in cell membranes and lipoproteins is linked to pathological states like atherogenesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the various fates and implications of cholesterol hydroperoxides (ChOOHs).
- To highlight the role of ChOOHs in cellular damage, disease mechanisms, and as reporters of radical reactions.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of cholesterol peroxidation mechanisms.
- Analysis of ChOOHs' roles in oxidative stress, atherogenesis, and ferroptosis.
Main Results:
- ChOOHs can enhance damage via one-electron reduction or contain it via two-electron reduction.
- Translocation of ChOOHs influences damage spread and antioxidant effectiveness.
- ChOOHs serve as reporters distinguishing radical from non-radical reactions.
Conclusions:
- Cholesterol peroxidation is a significant contributor to cellular dysfunction and disease.
- Iron-stimulated lipid peroxidation, involving ChOOHs, is central to ferroptosis.
- Further understanding of ChOOHs is crucial for therapeutic strategies against oxidative stress-related diseases.
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