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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Integrated Photonics
    • Digital Communications

    Background:

    • Micro-light-emitting diode (LED) arrays are crucial for optical communication systems.
    • Achieving discrete optical output power levels is essential for efficient data modulation.
    • Existing CMOS-integrated solutions require further development for advanced modulation schemes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a CMOS-integrated micro-LED array capable of generating discrete optical output power levels.
    • To assess the linearity and data transmission capabilities of the micro-LED array.
    • To explore the potential of the array for pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a 16 × 16 individually addressable micro-LED array on a CMOS platform.
    • On-off control of pixels using parallel logic signals.
    • Driving selected groups of LEDs to produce discrete optical power levels for data transmission.
    • Performance evaluation using PAM and OFDM, including linearity assessment and error-free transmission tests.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated error-free data transmission at 200 Mb/s using 4-pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) at 100 MSamples/s.
    • Achieved 150 Mb/s with 8-PAM, requiring encoding to mitigate receiver baseline wander.
    • Experimental proof-of-concept for discrete-level orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with a spectral efficiency of 3.96 bits/s/Hz.

    Conclusions:

    • The CMOS-integrated micro-LED array effectively generates discrete optical power levels suitable for high-speed data transmission.
    • The array supports advanced modulation techniques like PAM and OFDM, demonstrating its versatility.
    • This technology shows promise for future optical communication systems requiring integrated, high-performance light sources.