Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 3, 2026

12:55
Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
Published on: September 27, 2020
9.2K
Examining the relations between self-regulation and achievement in third grade students.
Stephanie L Day1, Carol M Connor1
1University of California Irvine.
Summary
The new Remembering Rules and Regulation Picture Task (RRRP) effectively measures self-regulation skills in elementary students. This tool shows strong links to academic success in math and reading.
Area of Science:
- Child Psychology
- Educational Psychology
- Cognitive Development
Background:
- Self-regulation is crucial for academic and social success in children.
- Existing measures of self-regulation for middle elementary students are limited.
- A reliable assessment is needed to identify children struggling with self-regulation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop scoring systems for the Remembering Rules and Regulation Picture Task (RRRP).
- To evaluate the association between the RRRP and other self-regulation measures.
- To examine the relationship between the RRRP and academic achievement in mathematics and reading.
Main Methods:
- The study involved 282 third-grade children from 34 classrooms in Florida.
- Scoring systems for the RRRP were developed.
- Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) was used to analyze data.
Main Results:
- The RRRP effectively measured three key self-regulation constructs: working memory, attentional flexibility, and inhibitory control.
- The RRRP scores were significantly and positively correlated with other independent measures of self-regulation.
- The RRRP scores were also significantly and positively associated with children's performance in mathematics and reading.
Conclusions:
- The RRRP is a promising and valid tool for assessing self-regulation in middle elementary school children.
- This measure can aid in identifying students who may need support with self-regulation skills.
- The RRRP's association with academic outcomes highlights its practical importance in educational settings.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Self-Regulation
300
Self-regulation, also known as self-control, encompasses a range of cognitive and behavioral processes that allow individuals to adjust their internal states and outward actions to align with socially acceptable norms and long-term goals. It plays a fundamental role in adaptive functioning, from resisting impulsive behaviors to persisting through challenging tasks. While its benefits are widely recognized, self-regulation is not limitless. Muraven and Baumeister's theory posits that...
300
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification
5.8K
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
5.8K
Sources of Self-Esteem II: Performance Feedback
204
Self-esteem is intricately tied to our perception of competence and our ability to exert control over our lives. One of the primary sources of this perception is performance feedback — the ongoing evaluation of our actions in terms of success and failure. According to Franks and Marolla (1976), people derive self-worth from experiencing themselves as causal agents, capable of achieving goals and overcoming obstacles. This process nurtures a critical component of self-esteem:...
204
Self-Discrepancy Theory
19.0K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
19.0K
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other
305
According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
305
Social Foundations of Self III: Self-Evaluation
220
Self-evaluation is the process by which individuals assess their abilities, behaviors, and characteristics based on feedback from others. Charles H. Cooley observed that a person’s self-perception is primarily influenced by how others see and judge them. He suggested that individuals form their identities based on their interpretations of others' reactions. As a result, social interactions play a crucial role in shaping self-esteem and personal identity. These external evaluations often...
220

