Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 3, 2026
Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
Published on: October 12, 2017
The anti-inflammatory function of high-density lipoprotein in type II diabetes: A systematic review
Roosmarijn F H Lemmers1, Mandy van Hoek2, Aloysius G Lieverse3
1Laboratory of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Insights
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) loses its anti-inflammatory function in type II diabetes, contributing to cardiovascular complications. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms and develop targeted therapies.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Metabolic Disorders
- Immunology
Background:
- Inflammation is a key factor in diabetes and its cardiovascular complications.
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) normally suppresses inflammation.
- In diabetes, HDL function appears to be impaired, unlike its cholesterol levels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review if the anti-inflammatory function of HDL is diminished in individuals with diabetes.
- To identify potential causes for the diminished HDL anti-inflammatory function in diabetes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of Medline and Embase databases.
- Inclusion of original research articles on HDL's anti-inflammatory effects in diabetes or diabetes models.
- Assessment of risk of bias for all included studies.
Main Results:
- Fourteen studies were included, showing significant heterogeneity.
- HDL from type II diabetes subjects demonstrated reduced ability to suppress inflammation and inflammatory markers.
- Mechanisms and in vivo effects remain largely unknown; studies on other diabetes types were absent.
Conclusions:
- HDL isolated from type II diabetes patients exhibits decreased anti-inflammatory capacity.
- Causality and underlying mechanisms require further investigation.
- Standardized methods and in vivo biomarkers are needed for developing HDL-targeted therapies.
Background:
Inflammation is a pathophysiological factor in diabetes and its cardiovascular complications. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) suppresses inflammation in healthy individuals. The relationship of HDL with diabetes and cardiovascular disease may be explained by HDL function rather than by HDL cholesterol level. In diabetes, HDL seems to become dysfunctional.
Objective:
We performed a systematic review to answer the following research questions: Is the anti-inflammatory function of HDL diminished in individuals with diabetes and if so, what causes this?
Methods:
We systematically searched Medline and Embase and included original research articles on the anti-inflammatory effects of HDL or HDL-based interventions in diabetes or diabetes models. We assessed the risk of bias of all included studies.
Results:
Fourteen studies were included. These showed great heterogeneity in methodology, study populations, and diabetes models. Overall, HDL from subjects with type II diabetes displayed a reduced ability to suppress inflammatory processes and inflammation markers. However, the mechanisms and the in vivo effects remain largely unknown. No studies reported on HDL from individuals with other types of diabetes. In most studies, the risk of bias was high or could not be assessed.
Conclusions:
HDL isolated from individuals with type II diabetes showed a decreased ability to suppress inflammation. However, the direction of causality and the underlying mechanisms are unknown and should be investigated. For development of treatments directed at restoring HDL anti-inflammatory function in diabetes, a standardized method for assessing HDL anti-inflammatory function needs to be developed and in vivo biomarkers must be identified.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:26Atherosclerosis III: Management
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational
01:36Carbohydrate Metabolism
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
01:20Pathophysiology of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
01:30Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
01:22Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...