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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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Functional Assessment of Intestinal Permeability and Neutrophil Transepithelial Migration in Mice using a Standardized Intestinal Loop Model
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Helminths and intestinal barrier function.

Derek M McKay1, Adam Shute1, Fernando Lopes1

  • 1a Gastrointestinal Research Group and Inflammation Research Network, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , Snyder Institute of Chronic Disease, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary , Alberta , Canada.

Tissue Barriers
|April 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Helminth parasites impact gut epithelial barrier function, influencing immune responses and host-bacteria interactions. Understanding these complex relationships is key to new treatments for parasitic infections and inflammatory diseases.

Keywords:
cestodeenteric microbiotamucinnematodeparasitic worm

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Parasitology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Helminth infections affect one-sixth of the global population and impact livestock.
  • Most parasitic helminths reside in the mammalian gut, interacting with intestinal epithelial cells.
  • Epithelial barrier function is crucial for gut health, involving intrinsic and extrinsic elements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of helminths on intestinal epithelial barrier function.
  • To explore the regulation of epithelial barrier function by helminth-host and helminth-host-bacteria interactions.
  • To identify new therapeutic approaches for parasitic helminth infections and related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing data on helminth-intestinal epithelial interactions.
  • Analysis of intrinsic epithelial barrier components (e.g., permeability).
  • Examination of extrinsic barrier elements (e.g., mucin, commensal bacteria).

Main Results:

  • Direct effects of helminths on epithelial permeability are not well-documented.
  • Immune reactions mobilized by helminths significantly impact intestinal barrier function.
  • Helminth-host and helminth-host-bacteria interactions are critical determinants of gut physiology.

Conclusions:

  • Defining helminth-host-bacteria interactions offers insights into gut physiology and pathophysiology.
  • This knowledge can lead to novel strategies for treating helminth infections, bacterial pathogens, and autoimmune diseases.