Triterpenoids and iridoids from Patrinia scabiosaefolia

Three new triterpenoids, patrinolides B-D (1-3), and two new iridoids, patriscabioins K-L (9-10), together with five known compounds (4-8) were isolated from the extract of the whole plants of Patrinia scabiosaefolia. Compounds 1, 9, and 10 contained the unique substituents in Valerianaceae family, such as isovalery and 3-methylcrotonyl. Compound 2 was a 24-nor-ursane triterpenoid. Their structures were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis (UV, IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR). The inhibitory activities against nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of all triterpenoids were tested. The results showed that compound 4 had moderate inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ of 10.1μM. Furthermore, it also showed strongest inhibitory activities on AChE with IC₅₀ values of 10.0μM.