The Tongue, Mandible, Hyoid System.

Area of Science:

• Anatomy
• Biomechanics
• Physiology

Background:

• The craniocervical-mandibular system, comprising the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and cervical region, is crucial for postural control.
• Dysfunctions in the temporomandibular joint can significantly impact this system's functional arrangement and overall human posture.

Purpose of the Study:

• To critically evaluate the anatomical basis of the term 'craniocervical arrangement' for the temporomandibular system.
• To propose a reinterpretation of this functional system based on anatomical connections.

Main Methods:

• Review of anatomical connections within the craniocervical-mandibular system.
• Functional analysis of the tongue, mandible, and hyoid system.

Main Results:

• The temporomandibular system lacks direct anatomical connections to the posterior cranium, challenging the 'craniocervical' designation.
• A functional reinterpretation emphasizing the tongue, mandible, and hyoid system provides a more accurate model.

Conclusions:

• The term 'craniocervical arrangement' is anatomically inaccurate for the temporomandibular system.
• A revised understanding focusing on the tongue, mandible, and hyoid system enhances comprehension of clinical conditions like temporomandibular joint disorders and deglutition issues.