Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: An Evolution Toward Precision Cancer Treatment.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nuclear Medicine
• Radiochemistry

Background:

• Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) has a long history, dating back to early radioiodine treatments.
• Recent progress in cancer biology and radiochemistry has revitalized TRT.
• The integration of multimodal imaging and theranostics is key to TRT's advancement.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent developments in targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT).
• To focus on TRT applications for malignant liver lesions, bone metastases, neuroendocrine tumors, and castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer.
• To discuss current challenges and future opportunities in the field of TRT.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent advancements in TRT.
• Analysis of TRT applications in specific cancer types.
• Discussion of challenges and opportunities based on current research and clinical practice.

Main Results:

• TRT is being increasingly applied to various metastatic cancers.
• Theranostics, combining "see and treat" approaches, enhance TRT efficacy.
• Precision medicine principles are guiding the development of new TRT strategies.

Conclusions:

• TRT has experienced a resurgence due to scientific and technological progress.
• Advances in understanding cancer biology and radiochemistry are crucial.
• The synergy of theranostics and precision medicine positions TRT as a vital tool in modern oncology.