Novel Theranostic Targets for Prostate Cancer Beyond Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Radiochemistry
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted theranostics have revolutionized prostate cancer care.
• However, limited or heterogeneous PSMA expression in some tumors restricts treatment eligibility and effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review emerging biomarkers that can complement or extend beyond PSMA for prostate cancer theranostics.
• To explore novel targets for precision radiopharmaceutical therapy.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of emerging biomarkers.
• Analysis of molecular biology, preclinical validation, and clinical translation data.
• Examination of ongoing clinical trials for these biomarkers.

Main Results:

• Identified several promising biomarkers including gastrin-releasing peptide receptor, fibroblast activation protein, and B7-H3.
• These biomarkers target diverse biological compartments, offering alternative or supplementary targeting strategies.
• Preclinical and early clinical data suggest potential for these agents.

Conclusions:

• Emerging biomarkers show promise for expanding precision radiotheranostics in prostate cancer.
• These novel targets may overcome limitations associated with PSMA expression, improving treatment reach and efficacy.