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Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

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Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
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Drugs target macromolecules to modify ongoing cellular processes. Primary drug targets include receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes.
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Drugs need to permeate cell membranes to reach their target sites after administration. Orally administered drugs must transcend intestinal epithelial membrane barriers to infiltrate the systemic circulation. Drugs with a molecular weight of less than 500 Daltons diffuse through gaps between neighboring cells, called paracellular pathways.
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Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
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Models and Methods to Evaluate Transport of Drug Delivery Systems Across Cellular Barriers
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Endocytic Transport as a Drug Target in Infectious Diseases.

Shaun P Wong1, Amandio Vieira1

  • 1Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Physiology BPK, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.

Infectious Disorders Drug Targets
|May 4, 2017
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Summary

Targeting cellular endocytosis, the process of molecular transport into cells, offers a novel strategy for developing anti-infection drugs. Interfering with pathogen entry via endocytic pathways can prevent or slow infectious diseases.

Keywords:
Drug discoveryendocytic transporthigh-throughput screeninginfectionpathogens

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious diseases

Background:

  • Endocytosis is a fundamental cellular process for internalizing extracellular components.
  • Multiple endocytic pathways exist, influencing physiological and pathological processes.
  • Pathogen internalization via endocytosis is a key step in many infectious diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for discovering novel anti-infection drugs.
  • To explore the pharmacological implications of targeting endocytic pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on endocytosis and anti-infection drug discovery.
  • Analysis of therapeutic strategies targeting microbial internalization.

Main Results:

  • Endocytic pathways are crucial for pathogen entry and infection progression.
  • Selective interference with microbial endocytosis presents a viable therapeutic approach.
  • Drug discovery efforts can focus on modulating these specific cellular transport mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting endocytosis offers a promising avenue for novel anti-infective therapies.
  • Understanding endocytic mechanisms is key to developing effective anti-infection strategies.
  • Pharmacological interventions aimed at endocytic pathways hold potential for disease treatment.